A case (or un cas in French) is a grammatical category related to the forms of a noun, pronoun, adjective, determiner and which indicates its grammatical relation to other words or its semantic role in relation to the verb.

There are various cases in French the following among others:

• the accusative case (related to the complément d'objet direct - direct object)
• the nominative case (related to the subjects of transitive and intransitive verbs)
• the ergative case (related to the subjects of transitive verbs only)
• the dative case (related to the indirect objects)
• the genitive case (in the expression of possession

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Here are a few sentences below with various grammatical cases (as shown above in the "Definition" section. They are underlined for your convenience.

1. Je vois un homme aux cheveux longs. I see a man with long hair --> accusative case for direct object
2. Paul et ses parents iront en France cet été. Paul and his parents will go to France this summer. --> nominative case for subject.
3. Il pense à Christine tout le temps. He thinks about Christine all the time. --> dative case for indirect object.

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